There was no honest playbook for building in Africa. So we wrote one.

Lean Startup Action Plan

Updated September 2026

A one-page, six-block template for running the Lean Startup loop on your own business: what you believe, how you will test it, what the tests showed, and what you changed as a result.

How it works

A list of things to check, not things you are sure about.

Most early plans are a list of things the founder is sure about. This one is a list of things to check. Fill in the six blocks in order, run the experiments in block 4, and rewrite blocks 2 and 3 when the results come in. If nothing changes after a sprint, you are not testing anything.

Vision and problem statement

Define the long-term impact you aim to create and the specific problem you’re solving for your target audience.

Why it matters

Everything downstream inherits these three lines. A vague problem produces vague assumptions, and assumptions that cannot fail produce experiments that teach nothing.

How to fill it in

Write the three lines in one pass, then read them to someone outside the company. If they cannot repeat the problem back to you, it is not specific enough yet.

Startup vision
The long-term change you want to make. One sentence.e.g. Every small retailer in West Africa prices stock from real numbers instead of memory.
Problem hypothesis
The problem you are solving, and for whom. Not the solution.e.g. Shop owners reorder from memory and lose margin on every cycle.
Target audience
Your first customers. Name a type of person or business, not “SMEs in Africa”.e.g. Shop owners with one to three outlets in Lagos and Accra.

Assumptions and hypotheses

List key assumptions about your users, market, or solution that need to be tested to reduce risk.

Why it matters

A plan is a stack of beliefs. Writing them down separates what you have evidence for from what you are hoping. Ranking by damage tells you what to test first.

How to fill it in

List every assumption before you judge any of them, then rank by damage rather than by how easy each one is to test. Three to seven lines is the working range.

#AssumptionTypeRisk if wrongHow we’ll test itStatus
1Customer / Problem / Solution / Market / ChannelHigh / Medium / LowNot tested / In progress / Validated / Invalidated
e.g.Founders are actively seeking solutionsCustomerHighTargeted survey of 40 foundersIn progress
2
3

Start with the assumptions that would kill the business, not the ones that are easy to test.

MVP design

Outline the minimal feature set needed to test core hypotheses and deliver value quickly.

Why it matters

The MVP exists to settle one argument, not to be version one. Naming what it leaves out is what keeps it small; the pull is always to build what you already wanted to build.

How to fill it in

Fill in the hypothesis and the feature set first and decide the format last. Once you know what you are testing, the cheapest way to test it is usually obvious.

MVP version
MVP 1, MVP 2, MVP 3. Keep the earlier ones; the sequence is the evidence.e.g. MVP 1
Core hypothesis it tests
Which line from block 2.e.g. Shop owners will pay monthly
Minimum feature set
What it does. Three items or fewer.e.g. Price list, email signup, pay button
What it deliberately leaves out
Everything you were tempted to add.e.g. Accounts, dashboard, mobile app
Format
Landing page, concierge service, prototype, manual process, pre-order.e.g. Landing page
Launch date
The day it goes in front of someone. Not the day you finish building.e.g. 19 June 2026

An MVP is not a small version of the product. It is a test with a product-shaped front.

Experiments and metrics

Plan structured tests with measurable goals to validate assumptions and guide decisions.

Why it matters

A test with no pass mark set in advance becomes a story you tell afterwards. The threshold is what makes a result capable of being wrong.

How to fill it in

Set the threshold before you run anything, and write it as a number. If you cannot name a number, the experiment is not ready to run.

ExperimentHypothesis testedMetricSuccess thresholdTimeframeStatusResult
Not tested / In progress / Validated / Invalidated
Landing page A/BShop owners will pay monthlyConversion rateOver 20%2 weeksIn progress18%

Use numbers you can count: sign-ups, paid orders, repeat use, calls booked. Not “interest” or “positive feedback”.

Learning log

Record insights from experiments and user feedback to inform next steps and product evolution.

Why it matters

The only block that accumulates. Six months in, it is the record of what you believed, what happened and what you changed. It is the document investors ask for and almost nobody has.

How to fill it in

Add a line on the day an experiment ends rather than at the end of the sprint. What you lose by waiting is always the reason behind the decision.

DateExperimentWhat we learnedDecisionNext step
Persevere / Pivot / Stop
23 AprPre-order formPeople like the concept but hesitate to payPivotTest three price points

Write the decision down. Founders who don’t tend to persevere by default.

Sprint plan

Break work into short, time-bound cycles focused on learning, building, or testing.

Why it matters

Short cycles force a decision on a fixed date rather than when the work feels done. Typing each sprint build, measure or learn stops months of building with nothing measured.

How to fill it in

Plan one sprint at a time rather than a quarter, and name an owner even when the team is two people. A goal that belongs to everyone is the first one to slip.

SprintDatesGoalTypeOwnerDone?
1Build / Measure / Learn
e.g.6 to 19 MayValidate demand via landing pageMeasureYNo
2
3

Weekly for pre-launch teams, monthly once you have paying customers.

How to use it

How to run it on your own business.

Work through Vision and problem, Assumptions and MVP design in a single sitting. A rough version you go back and revise is worth more than a considered one you never finish.

Run the first experiment before you refine anything else on the page.

After every experiment, update blocks 2, 3 and 5 before planning the next sprint.

Keep old versions. The trail of what you believed and dropped is worth more to investors than the current plan.